In principle, there are three elements which trigger a magnesium deficiency and these elements can, of course, occur together. These are a temporarily increased need, increased elimination, and a decreased absorption of magnesium. The first category includes a magnesium undersupply or magnesium deficiency during pregnancy. During pregnancy, the amount of magnesium needed increases sharply beyond what is otherwise needed and pregnant women frequently complain of calf cramps in the third trimester. The reasons why it is especially important to pay attention to the magnesium balance during pregnancy are explained here.
Athletes also have an increased need since, on the one hand, their muscles consume a lot of magnesium during training, but they also eliminate increased amounts of magnesium and other minerals through sweating. Illnesses such as diabetes and the side effects of certain medications may be responsible for a magnesium undersupply which can lead to a magnesium deficiency, because they accelerate the elimination of minerals. Last but not least, an unbalanced diet and inadequate fluid intake promote a magnesium deficiency. A lack of fluid, minerals, and electrolytes above all is frequently the cause of calf cramps in elderly persons. Here you can learn more about the connection between a magnesium deficiency and muscle cramps.